The Russian Army and Fleet in the 19th Century
A Handbook of Armaments, Personnel and Policy
By L.G. Beskrovny
Contents
Preface ix
Maps, Charts and Tables xi
Measures, Weights, Money, Abbreviations xvi
Maps xvii
Author's Introduction xx
Introduction-David R. Jones xxiii
Chapter 1 Army Personnel and Organization to Mid-Century
The Russian Force 1
Combat Arms Organization and Equipment 6
Garrison, Secondary Reserve, and Reserve Troops 14
Chapter 2 Army Personnel and Organization After Mid-Century
Chapter 3 Soldier and Officer Staffing to Mid-Century
- Conscription 44
- Officers 51
Chapter 4 Soldier and Officer Staffing After Mid-Century
- Conscription 53
- Officers 63
Chapter 5 Training Before the Crimean War
- Military Thought 67
- Drill Training 70
- Field Training 74
- Discipline 77
- Non-Commissioned Officer Training 80
- Officer Training 81
- Artillery and Engineer Officer Education 86
- Higher Military Education 88
Chapter 6 Training After Mid-Century
- Military Thought 93
- Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, and Engineer
- Unit Field Training 97
- Military Courts 109
- Soldier Literacy Schools 110
- Non-Commissioned Officer Training 112
- Officer Training and Education Reforms 115
Chapter 7 Army Command
- Command Before Mid-Century 133
- Command After the Crimean War 140
- Military Districts 144
Chapter 8 Small Arms Production and Supply
- Introduction 150
- Musket Production to Mid-Century 154
- Small Arms After Mid-Century 166
- Revolvers 184
- Machine Guns 184
- Cartridges 186
Chapter 9 Artillery Production and Supply
- Tube Field Artillery to the Crimean War 190
- Fortress Artillery 192
- Siege Artillery 194
- Coastal Artillery 195
- Production of Field and Siege Artillery 196
- Rocket Artillery 197
- Tube Field Artillery After Mid-Century 198
- Fortress Artillery 209
- Siege Artillery 213
- Coastal Artillery 215
- Shell Production 218
- Rocket Artillery 221
Chapter 10 Gunpowder and Explosives 222
Chapter 11 Railways, Highways, Communications
- First Half of the Nineteenth Century 233
- Communications 236
- Railways After Mid-Century 236
- Highway Transport 236
- Water Transport 250
- Telephone and Telegraph 250
- Aircraft 252
Chapter 12 Fortresses
- Before the Crimean War 255
- Postwar Modernization 260
- Fortifying the Borders 263
Chapter 13 Commissariat
- Provisioning to Mid-Century 269
- Uniforms 275
- Provisioning After Mid-Century 278
- Uniforms 285
Chapter 14 Army Expenditures, 1805-1900 288
Chapter 15 Navy
- Introduction 292
- Ships to Mid-Century 294
- Modernizing the Fleet 301
- Strengthening the Navy 311
- Ship Construction, 1880-1900 316
- Command Structure of the Fleet 324
- Fuel 324
Chapter 16 Naval Personnel
- Sailor and Officer Staffing to Mid-Century 327
- After the Crimean War 331
- Sailors 334
- Officer Training 336
- Naval Education Institutions 337
- Secondary Naval Schools 338
- Higher Naval Education Institutions 339
- Training and Exercises 342
Chapter 17 Naval Guns, Munitions, and Communications Equipment
- Production to the Crimean War 346
- Production of Mines 349
- Production After Mid-Century 349
- Munitions 355
- Mines 357
- Communications 359
Chapter 18 Command of the Fleet
- Central Command 360
- Port Headquarters 364
Chapter 19 Naval Expenditures 366
Conclusions 368
Notes 372
Indexes
- Index of Names 385
- Index of Place Names 391
- Index of Institutions 398
- Index of Subjects 403
The Editor and Translator 409
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