Academic International Press

Russia & Eurasia Facts & Figures Annual (REFFA)

(Formerly USSR Facts Figures Annual (UFFA))

REFFA/UFFA Contents Volume 1 UFFA (1977) Volume 2 UFFA (1978) Volume 3 UFFA (1979) Volume 4 UFFA (1980) Volume 5 UFFA (1981) Volume 6 UFFA (1982) Volume 7 UFFA (1983) Volume 8 UFFA (1984) Volume 9 UFFA (1985) Volume 10 UFFA (1986) Volume 11 UFFA (1987) Volume 12 UFFA (1988) Volume 13 UFFA (1989) Volume 14 UFFA (1990) Volume 15 UFFA (1991) Volume 17 UFFA (1992) Volume 18 REFFA (1993) Volume 19 REFFA (1994) Volume 20 REFFA (1995) Volume 21 REFFA (1996)   Back to Russia & Eurasia Facts & Figures Annual (REFFA). Back to Russia / Soviet Union / Eurasia. Back to AIP Home Page.

UFFA Volume 6 Contents I SURVEY 1 II GOVERNMENT USSR Council of Ministers 6 Major Government Appointments, 1981 10 Administrative - Territorial Units by Union Republics, 1 Jan 1980 12 Soviet Ambassadors 13 Diplomatic Representatives Accredited to the USSR 15 USSR Law on the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the USSR, 24 Jun 1981 18 Change in the USSR Constitution, 24 Jun 1981 22 Status of Arms Control Negotiations, 1981 23 Worker Representation 23 Percentage of Women in the USSR Supreme Soviet 23 Meetings Between Soviet Leaders and Yasser Arafat 23 III COMMUNIST PARTY Party Organs, 1 Jan 24 Members of Party Organs 24 Women in Party Bureaus and Committees of Primary Party Organizations, Raikoms, Gorkoms, Okruzhkoms, Obkoms, Kraikoms and Republic Central Committees 24 Members and Candidates of Party Organs by Occupation and Education 25 Secretaries by Education, 1 Jan 26 Political and Economic Education 26 Party Membership by Republics, Years of Party Congresses, 1 Jan 26 Party Recruitment 27 Recruitment of Candidates 27 Members and Candidates by Nationality, 1 Jan 1981 28 Candidates and Members by Age, 1 Jan 1981 29 Members by Tenure, 1 Jan 29 Placement of Party Members by Branches of the Economy, 1 Jan 29 Komsomol Members Enrolled 29 Party Members by Education, 1 Jan 30 Communist Employees by Occupation, 1 Jan 31 Women Communists, 1 Jan 31 Primary Party Organizations, 1 Jan 31 Primary Party Organizations By Number of Communists, 1 Jan 32 Structure of Primary Party Organizations 32 26th Party Congress Central Committee History 33 Representation in the Central Committee of the 26th Party Congress of First Secretaries of Middle-Level Party Committees 54 Size of Republic Delegations to CPSU Congresses 54 Distribution of Delegates to the 26th Party Congress, Feb-Mar 1981 55 Military Delegates in the Central Committee 56 First Secretaries of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Oblasts, 1955-81 (John L. Scherer) 57 First Secretaries of Ukrainian Oblasts, 1955-81 (John L. Scherer and John A. Armstrong) 65 World Communist Parties 71 IV DEMOGRAPHY Urbanization 72 Nationalities Living Outside Their Native Republics 73 Marriage Age by Generations of Women 74 Population by Source of Income, 1979 75 V ARMED FORCES Strategic and Theater Nuclear Forces 76 Deployed Strategic Systems (1 January 1981) 77 Dates of ICBM Introduction and Number of Launchers 78 Dates of SLBM Introduction and Number of Launchers 79 Strategic Intercontinental Forces Average Age 80 US and Soviet Strategic Force Levels 81 Soviet MIRVd ICBMs 81 Estimates of Current Nuclear Arsenals 82 Impact of Changes in the Number of Soviet Warheads on the Long-Run Costs of a US Multiple Protective Structure (MPS) Basing System with MX Missiles 82 Key Intermediate Range Land-Based Missiles 83 Alert Rates of Nuclear Forces 84 Intermediate-Range Weapons in Europe 84 Balance of Forces in Central Europe 85 Commanders, Groups of Soviet Forces in the Warsaw Pact 86 US/NATO and Soviet Land-Based Long-Range Theater Nuclear Forces 87 Balance of Maritime Forces and Responsibilities in the North Atlantic and Channel 88 Soviet Defense Capability Outside Central Europe (Map) 90 Deployed Land Force Systems (1 January 1981) 92 Production Summary of Selected Tactical Weapons For NATO and WP Countries 93 Comparison of NATO and Warsaw Pact Organization Forces 94 Announced Soviet Defense Budget, 1918-80 96 Warsaw Pact Armies in the Central Region, 1980-81 97 Developments in the Ground and Armored Forces 98 Soviet Reservists 100 Division Readiness, 1981 101 KAMAZ Vehicles 102 Summary of the Missions and Capabilities of Soviet Armed Forces Unites 102 Soviet and Warsaw Pact Exercises, 1981 115 Air Forces 116 US and USSR Airlift Capability 119 Soviet Military Aircraft 120 Dates of SAM Introduction and Estimated Number of Launchers 121 Soviet Reconnaissance Flights over the East China Sea, 1979-80 122 Naval Developments 122 Fleets and Naval Aviation, 1981 125 General Purpose Naval Order of Battle Trends 126 Soviet Navy Order of Battle 126 Nuclear Submarine Construction Rates 127 Estimated Characteristics of New Soviet Carrier 127 Comparison of Soviet and US Fleets, 1980 128 Soviet Naval Aircraft 128 1980 General Purpose Naval Forces of NATO and the Warsaw Pact 129 US-USSR Relative Naval Advantages 129 Soviet Warship Port Visits, 1981 130 Military Production Industry 130 Defense Industry Output of Consumer Durables 131 Weapon Types Produced in 1980 131 Production of Soviet Tactical Fighters, 1970-80 131 Soviet Military Production, 1976-80 131 Weapons Production, 1979 132 Production of Armaments, 1980 133 Comparison of Chemical Warfare Capabilities, 1980 133 Military Expenditures: A Comparison of US Military Expenditures with Estimated Dollar Costs of Soviet Expenditures, Excluding Retirement Pay 134 Ratios of 1976-80 Average Annual Production of Selected Weapons by Warsaw Pact and NATO Countries 136 US-USSR Weapon Quality and Production Comparisons 137 Relative US/USSR Standing in the 20 Most Important Basic Technology Areas 138 Relative US/USSR Technology Level in Deployed Military Systems 139 VI ECONOMY State Budget, 1981-82 140 Production in 1981 as a Percentage of 1980 by Industry 140 USSR: Aggregate Factor Productivity 141 USSR: Industrial Factor Productivity 141 USSR: Estimated Drawings and Scheduled Repayments on Western Credits 142 USSR: Growth of Gross National Product, by Sector of Origin 142 USSR: Percent Distribution of Gross National Product at Factor Cost, by End Use 143 Changes in Industrial Gross Output, Employment and Labor Productivity, USSR and Eastern Europe, 1976-81 143 Summary of Recent Economic Reforms 144 Industrial and Agricultural Experiments 145 11th Five Year Plan Targets (1981-85) 146 Industrial Production in Physical Terms by Quarters, 1981 147 Capital Investment by Branches of the Economy, by Five Year Plans 150 Percentage Increases of 1981 Production Over 1980 151 Branch Structure of Industrial Fixed Capital Stock 152 Summary of 1982 State Plan 152 Major Indicators of the State Plan, 1981-85 152 11th Five Year Plan Targets by Republics 153 Indicators of the State Plan for 1985 by Republics 154 Basic Indices of the Ninth and Tenth Five Year Plans 154 Basic Indices of Economic and Social Development, 1970, 1980 154 Targets for Consumer Goods, 1985 155 Growth Needed to Meet Plan Targets, 1982-85 155 State Budgets of the Union Republics, 1982 156 Annual State Subsidies 156 Soviet Millionaires 156 Volume of Unfinished Construction in State and Cooperative Enterprises and Organizations 156 Production Capacities Put Into Operation, by Five Year Plans 157 Industrial Fixed Capital by Types and Branches of Industry, 1 Jan 1980 161 Volume of Unfinished Construction in State and Cooperative Enterprises and Organizations by Industries 162 Structure of Expenditures on Construction-Installation Works 162 Percentage of Total Industrial Output Devoted to the Production of theMeans of Production (Group A) and to Consumer Goods (Group B) 164 Estimated Inflation Rates 164 Regional Distribution of Woodpulp Production 164 Cost Trends Per Unit of Marketed Output 165 Prices 166 The Siberian Contribution to Soviet Industry 166 Iron Ore 167 Production of Equipment for Various Industries 168 Iron and Steel Production 169 Manganese 170 Net Outflow of Gold from Communist Countries, 1979-80 170 US Stockpile Materials with Forty-Five Percent or More of World Production Concentrated in the USSR and South Africa 170 Goods Not Delivered and Unwanted Goods 171 Normative Net Output for the Machine-Building Industry 171 Economies of Metals 172 Engineers in the USSR and the US, 1950-77 172 35th CMEA Conference, Sofia, Bulgaria 173 Vietnamese Vodka Sales to the USSR, 1975-80 174 Official Dollar-Ruble Exchange Rates, 1970-81 174 Foreign Currency Exchange Rates, Dec 1981 174 VII ENERGY Oil Developments 176 Producing Wells and Production in Western Siberia 178 Caspian Sea Drilling Rigs 178 Exploratory Drilling by Productive Region 179 Producing Wells in the USSR 179 Change in Petroleum Production by Regions 179 Major Oil and Gas Deposits and Main Pipelines (Map) 180 Soviet Oil and Natural Gas Production, Consumption and Trade 181 1985 Soviet Oil Production Forecasts 186 Natural Gas Developments 186 Casinghead Gas Production 188 Western Europe: Dependence on Soviet Gas 189 Projected Soviet Gas Pipeline to Western Europe 190 Pipelines 190 Growth of the Nuclear Power Industry of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, 1971-80 191 Energy Supply of Centrally Planned Economies, 1965-2000 193 Distribution of Electrical Power Output 193 Consumption of Electricity by Sectors of the Economy 194 Output of Coal by Major Basins 194 Hydroelectric and Thermal Power Stations 195 Soviet Energy Production and Consumption, 1970-85 197 Fuel Balance 198 Geothermal Energy Resources 198 Solar Energy 198 VIII INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY REPUBLICS Growth of Industrial Production by Republics 199 Production of Finished Rolled Ferrous Metals by Republics 200 Production of Steel Pipes by Republics 200 Production of Iron Ore by Republics 200 Production of Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete Elements by Republics 201 Production of Oil by Republics 202 Production of Gas by Republics 202 Production of Coal by Republics 203 Smelting of Steel by Republics 203 Production of Metal-Cutting Machinery by Republics 204 Production of Chemical Fibers and Threads by Republics 204 Production of Mineral Fertilizer by Republics 205 Production of Electric Power by Republics 206 Production of Sawn Timber by Republics 207 IX INDUSTRIES Industrial News 208 Ferrous Metals Technologies 209 Changes in the Output of the Metal-Working and Engineering Industries 210 Indicators of Material and Electrical Capacities of the Machine-Building Industry 210 Refinery Construction 210 Chemical Industry Growth 211 Petrochemical Projects 212 Indicators for the Cotton Industry, 1970, 1978 213 Computer Industry 214 Timber Industry 214 Paper Industry 214 Mineral Industry News 214 Diamonds 215 Mica Industry 216 Improvement of Blast Furnace Performance, USSR and Japan, 1940-1979 216 Aluminum Plants 217 Iron Ore Production by Open Pits, 1980 217 X AGRICULTURE Agricultural Summary, 1981 218 Agricultural Output, Plans and Actual, 1971-80, and Plans 1981-85 219 Net Grain Supplies 220 Kolkhoz Market Prices as a Percentage of State Prices 220 Areas for Selected Grains, 1955-80 221 Grain Production by Regions, 1970-81 222 Selected Exporter Grain Agreements and Sales with USSR, Calendar Years 1980 and 1981 222 Wheat and Coarse Grain Exports from Major Suppliers, Total and Soviet Share, Jul-Jun 1972-81 224 Indicators of the Russian Non-Chernozem Zone 225 Production of Commercial Sugar Beets by Republics 227 Yield of Commercial Sugar Beets by Republics 227 Production of Sunflowers by Republics 228 Yield of Sunflowers by Republics 228 Production of Cotton by Republics 228 Yield of Cotton by Republics 229 Procurement Prices by Commodities 229 State Purchases of Basic Agricultural Commodities, 1918-1979 230 State Purchases of Agricultural Products of Collective, State and Other Governmental Farming Enterprises, 1940-1979 232 Production of Private Auxiliary Farming, 1971-80 234 State Purchases of Agricultural Commodities Produced by Private Auxiliary Farming 234 Production by State, Collective and Private Farming, 1940-79 234 Livestock and Poultry on Collective, State and Inter-Farm Enterprises, mid-year 1980-81 236 Oilseed and Oilseed Meal Production and Apparent Use 236 Edible Vegetable Oils and Fats Supply and Use 236 Tea Production 236 Consumption and Production of Fodder, 1979 237 Production on Drained Land, 1979 237 Irrigation in Armenia 237 Centrifugal Sugar Production, 1978-81 237 Production on Irrigated Land, 1979 238 Area Sown to Soybeans, 1981 238 Manpower Which Can Be Released From Uzbek Cotton Production, 1979 238 Precipitation in the Western USSR, Sep 1980-5 Apr 1981 (Map) 239 Timber Production, 1913-81 240 Timber News 240 CMEA Deliveries of Mineral Fertilizer to Agriculture 241 Forage Output, 1977-81 241 CMEA Agricultural Yields 242 Production of Agricultural Machinery, 1940-79 247 Exploitation of Wooded Regions, 1913-1976 248 Consumption of Concentrates, Hay and Succulent Fodder 249 Livestock and Poultry on State and Collective Farms, 1 Oct 1973-81 249 Fish Catch by Species, 1979 249 Catch by Fishing Areas, 1979 251 Fish Catches in Inland Waters, 1970-79 252 Whaling, 1970-79 253 XI FOREIGN TRADE AND AID Foreign Trade by Categories of Countries, First Half 1981 254 Soviet Trade with Selected Countries, First and Second Quarters, 1981 254 Foreign Trade by Countries, 1980 and Jan-Jun, 1981 254 Soviet Trade Deficit with Non-Communist Countries and Poland, Jan-Jun 1981 256 Business News 257 Oil Trade 258 Oil News 259 Price of Soviet Oil to Poland, 1980-81 260 Natural Gas Trade 260 Import Dependence of Minerals and Metals, US and USSR 261 Industrial West Trade in Manufactured Goods with the USSR, 1976-79 262 USSR-GDR Trade 263 Trade of East Europe and the USSR by Areas, 1965, 1978-79 264 East European Energy Imports, 1980 265 Soviet Hard Currency Debt 265 Soviet Imports from the European Economic Community, 1979-80 266 Steel Trade 266 Soviet Exports of Chrome Ore, 1970-79 266 Coke Trade 267 Coal Trade 267 World Steam Coal Exports 268 Total Soviet Grain Imports by Country of Origin by Month, 1980-81 269 US Wheat and Corn Exports to the USSR Under the Five-Year Grain Agreement 270 Soviet Imports of Grain from the US 270 US Contract Purchases from Exporters Following the Partial Embargo of Grains to the USSR, 1979-80 270 Estimated East European Debt to Western Banks, Mar 1981 271 Cuban Foreign Trade Adjusted for Soviet Subsidies 271 Scientific and Technological Ties of the USSR with Capitalist Countries 271 Economic Aid, 1981 275 Arms Deliveries to the Third World, 1977-80 278 Arms Deliveries to the Third World, 1973-80 278 Weapons Delivered by Major Suppliers to the Third World 279 Weapons Delivered by Major Suppliers to East Asia & the Pacific 280 Weapons Delivered by Major Suppliers to Latin America 281 Weapons Delivered by Major Suppliers to Africa (Sub-Saharan) 282 Weapons Delivered by Major Suppliers to Near East & South Asia 283 Description of Items Counted in Weapons Categories, 1973-80 284 Military Assistance, 1981 285 Soviet Foreign Aid Projects Completed, Under Construction, or Planned Since 1945 by Capacities, 1 Jan 287 Soviet Military and Civilian Advisors 288 Soviet Military Advisors and Technicians Abroad 289 Foreign Military Trainees in the USSR 289 Soviet Foreign Aid Projects Completed, Under Construction, or Planned Since 1945, 1 Jan 289 Soviet Foreign Aid Projects Completed, Under Construction, or Planned Since 1945 by Economic Branches, 1 Jan 290 Soviet Construction Projects in Developing Countries, 1 Jan 1981 291 XII HEALTH, EDUCATION AND WELFARE HEW Summary, 1981 292 Medical News 293 Useful Urban Living Space Per Capita, 1979 294 Privately-Owned Useful Urban Living Space by Republics 295 Private Housing Construction by Republics 295 Minimum Pension Rates, 1 Nov 1981 296 Measures to Increase Assistance to Families with Children 296 Per Capita Consumption of Basic Foods 297 Per Capita Meat Consumption Comparison,1978 298 USSR: Per Capita Meat Consumption, 1970-80 298 Comparison of the Structure of Total Expenditures on Consumption in Selected Countries 298 Per Capita Consumption of Sugar 299 Average Annual Rates of Growth of Real National Product and Consumption Per Capita and Per Worker, Selected Countries 299 Graduates from Public Middle Schools 300 Education Briefs 300 Students in Specialized Secondary Education by Nationalities 301 Students in Higher Education by Nationalities 302 Day Schools for Children with Physical and Mental Impairments, and Students 303 Average Monthly Wages of Workers and Employees 303 Graduates of Secondary Specialized Institutions by Specialties 304 Graduates of Higher Educational Institutions by Specialties 305 Changes in Real Income, Real Wages and Money Incomes 306 Average Monthly Wage and Percentage of Women by Branches of the Economy 307 Synopses of Candidate Dissertations (Avtoreferaty) Published by Year 308 Expenditures on Measures for the Protection of Labor 308 Service Enterprises 308 Actuarial Table 309 XIII CULTURE AND COMMUNICATIONS Books and Brochures in Languages of the USSR and Abroad, 1979 309 Translations, 1979 310 Book Briefs 311 Publication of Books, Periodicals and Newspapers Per Capita by Republics 312 Bilingualism in Kazakhstan 313 Publication of Books and Brochures by Republics 314 Output of Belles-Lettres 316 Telephones by City, 1 Jan 1980 318 New Television Stations 318 Theater News 319 Radio Moscow and Other Stations 319 XIV TRANSPORTATION Transportation Summary, 1981 320 Merchant Fleet Size and Growth 321 Cargo Carried by the Soviet Merchant Fleet in the Trades of the USSRand Other Countries 321 Maritime and River Transportation News 321 Electrified Railroad Lines 324 Railroads 325 Metros 326 Japanese Containerized Shipments on the Trans-Siberian Railway, 1971-81 327 New Air Routes and Airline Information 328 Soviet Aircraft Accidents, 1981 329 New Helicopters 330 Roads and Motor Transportation 330 New Trucks and Automobiles by Plants 331 New Bridges 332 Public Motor Vehicle Transportation 333 Passengers Transported by Privately-Owned Automobiles Used as Taxis 335 Motor Vehicle Accidents in Moscow, 1980 335 XV INSTITUTIONS Academies of Science, 1 Jan 1980 336 USSR Academy of Sciences, Academicians and Corresponding Members Elected 28 Dec 1981 337 Scientific Workers with Advanced Degrees 338 Scientific Workers by Nationalities 339 Total Scientific Workers and Women Scientific Workers by Title, year end 340 Number of Scientific Workers and Women Scientific Workers by Republics, year end 1979 341 Institutional News 341 Secretaries of the Board of the USSR Writers' Union, Elected 4 Jul 1981 342 Delegates to the Seventh Writers' Congress 343 Trade Union Membership by Republics, 1 Jan 1980 343 Worker Representation in the USSR 343 Congresses of the Union of Cinematographers of the USSR 344 Religious Affairs 344 International Bank for Economic Cooperation 344 XVI SPECIAL TOPICS 1981 In Review 345 Satellite Launches, 1981 355 World Record of Known Space Launch Successes and Failures, 1957-80 360 Summary of Manned Space Flights, 1961-80 362 Soviet and US Civilian and Military Space Launchings, 1957-80 369 Summary of Soviet and US Space Payloads by Mission, 1957-80 369 Twenty-Seventh Antarctic Expedition 370 Soviet Tourism 370 Defections from the USSR Since 1945 371 Political Prisoners, 30 Oct 1981 371 International Exhibitions in the USSR, Second Half 1981-1982 372 Soviet Nuclear Tests, 1981 373 Soviet Espionage 373 USSR-Canadian Hockey Games, 1954-80 378 Jewish Emigration from the USSR 378 Jewish Emigration by Cities, 1970-79 379 Armenian Emigration, 1979-80 379 Professional Days and Holidays in the USSR, 1982 380 Ethnic German Emigration, 1979-80 382 Obituaries, 1981 382 Key Works on the Soviet Union 384 UFFA Contents, Volumes 1-5 393   Go to Academic International Press Home Page.

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